• Fluorilon-99W(TM)
• Avian Gold Standards and Targets
• Russian Opal Glass
• Matte Russian Opal Glass
• Gray Scale Standards
• Reflectance Wavelength Calibration Standards
• CERAM Color Standards
• Avian Ceramic Color Standards
• Black Glass Standards
• Specular Standards

Fluorilon-99W

Fluorilon-99W is a new sintered PTFE material with the highest diffuse reflectance of any known material. Produced by an entirely new process compared to previously produced sintered PTFE products, Fluorilon-99(TM) offers the following properties:

• Total hemispherical reflectance of 99% in the 400-800 nm region
• Reflectance of >97% over most of UV-Vis-NIR region (300-2200 nm)
• Reflectance of >92% from 250-2500 nm
• Durable and cleanable

Standards are available as 1.25" (32 mm) or 2" (50.8 mm) diameter pucks, with a Delrin(TM) holder with protective cover. Larger targets (up to 12"/300 mm square in single piece, up to 48" square/ 1200 mm) as arrays are also available.

These same targets and standards are also available uncalibrated.

Fluorilon-99W is available in bulk in sizes up to 12" square and up to 2" thick. Price is dependent on size and quantity.

Avian Gold Standards and Targets

Diffuse gold is an excellent standard for wavelengths from above 850 nm. to >15µ. Avian Technologies AvianGold offers high diffuse reflectance of > 94% from 1000 nm to well into the mid-infrared.
Standards and targets are available both calibrated* and uncalibrated, ranging from 2” diameter or square to 10” square. Custom sizes are available upon re quest.

Part #	Description	List Price (US$)
RTAu-02C	2” Square Diffuse Gold target, anodized aluminum holder, Calibrated 800-2500 nm, 8° Hemispherical geometry*	$550.00
RTAu-02U	2” Square Diffuse Gold target, anodized aluminum holder, Uncalibrated.	$500.00
RTAu-06C	6” Square Diffuse Gold target, anodized aluminum holder, Calibrated 800-2500 nm, 8° Hemispherical geometry*	$1000.00
RTAu-06U	6” Square Diffuse Gold target, anodized aluminum holder, Uncalibrated.	$950.00
RTAu-10C	10” Square Diffuse Gold target, anodized aluminum holder, Calibrated 800-2500 nm, 8°Hemispherical geometry*	$1350.00
RTAu-10U	10 ” Square Diffuse Gold target, anodized aluminum holder, Uncalibrated.	$1295.00

*For calibration from 1-15µ, add $500.00

Russian Opal Glass

Useful as a durable white standard in the visible-near infrared, Russian Opal Glass MC-20 is primarily used in its glossy form. The glossy Russian opal is easily cleaned and quite stable. Russian Opal is the preferred standard for direction/ directional geometry such as 0/45 or for multi-angle spectroscopy. It is also useful as a standard for hemispherical measurements.

Standards are available as 2" (50.8 mm) squares in a black holder and a wooden box for protection. Larger sizes (up to 90 mm square) are available by special order.

Matte Russian Opal Glass

In conjunction with our partners in Scandinavia, Mitaten Finland Ab, Avian Technologies has developed a new, highly matte Russian Opal Glass standard. The standard has gloss levels of <0.2 units at 60°.   The material also offers excellent reflectance properties far into the NIR. This standard has found great usage in the paper industry in Europe.

We currently offer the standard in a single configuration. The active area of the standard   is 50 mm diameter, mounted in a Delrin holder with cover.

Gray Scale Standards

Gray scale standards are essential for establishing the photometric linearity of a reflectance spectrometer. These are used in the same way neutral density filters are used in transmittance instruments. Avian Technologies Fluorilon(TM) Gray Scale standards allow the user to calibrate their instrument over a 2 decade range of reflectance, which is well over the typical range seen by a reflectance instrument. The materials are highly diffuse and therefore have little angular dependence and almost no gloss, which means that specular included and excluded geometries should show little difference in reflectance values

The standard sets consist of four standards of nominal reflectance (at 550 nm) of 2%, 10%, 50%, and 99% reflectance. The standards are cupped in a Delrin holder with cap. The sets are presented in a waterproof plastic box.

‘Encapsulated’ Grey Scale and Wavelength Standards to meet USP 1119

Avian Technologies is introducing new ‘encapsulated’ grey scale and wavelength standards to meet USP 1119. The standards are identical to the Fluorilon FSS-08-02c kit except the Fluorilon is encased in a Delrin™ holder with a 2” diameter BK-7 window. The overall size of the standard is 2.400” diameter (61 mm) and 0.620” thick (15.88 mm). The size of both the grey scale and wavelength standards is identical to enable fixturing for most instruments designed to measure pharmaceutical on-line processes.

The wavelength standard has the same components as the National Institute of Technology’s SRM-1920a, with a small amount of an inert, spectrally non-absorbing binder. Unlike sintered equivalents of SRM-1920a, this standard exhibits no peak shifting and is both durable and stable.

Both grey scale and wavelength standard have a small, re-sealable port in the top to allow for conditioning of the standard in a controlled humidity environment.

CERAM Gray Scale Tile Set

In some cases, especially where durability and frequent cleaning are necessary or organic fumes or grease are present, ceramic tile standards provide a better choice than matte standards. In addition, these targets are more suited to small spot measurements or at 0:45 geometry, where the specular component is automatically excluded.

The standard set consists of nine standards (white, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 33%, 8%, approximately 1% black, and a black glass) in Delrin holders with a 1" mounting counter bore in the back of the standard. The standards are presented in a hinged wooden box.

Typical values of reflectance, along with L*a*b* and x, y, Y values included.

Color Standards

CERAM Color Standard Sets

CERAM Research Ceramics Standards, also known as BCRA Series II tiles, are the popular standards for color in the US and abroad. These standards can be used to calibrate color spectrophotometers in both hemispherical and directional/directional geometry. Avian Technologies BCRA sets consist of fourteen 2" tiles (the standard BCRA set plus a black and a white tile), mounted and sealed to prevent effects of humidity. Standards come in a wooden box with a desiccant.

For an in-depth analysis of CERAM tiles, refer to "The BCRA-NPL Ceramic Color Standards Series II- Master Spectral Reflectance and Thermochromism Data", F. Malkin, J. Larkin, J. Verrill, and R. Wardman, JSDC 84, 84-94 (1997).

At this time, these standards are calibrated at 8°/hemispherical geometry only.

Individual Color Standards

If you wish to assure an instrument stays within calibration but do not have the time it takes to run a full set of CERAM standards, it is suggested that a single time with some spectral structure be used**. We have found that the best tile within the BCRA Series II set is the cyan tile. We offer this tile either calibrated or uncalibrated, made to the same specifications as the set described above. The tile is sealed in a delrin holder and come shipped in hinged a wooden box.

** "An Abridged Technique to Diagnose Spectrophotometric Errors" R. Berns and L. Reniff, Color Research and Application, 22, #1, 51-60 (1997)

Avian Ceramic Color Standards

Avian Technologies, in partnership with Mt. Baker Research, has developed a complete line of ceramic color transfer standards. These tiles are more fully described here, or download this PDF for a complete description, including spectral reflectance data. Mt. Baker Research has performed other analyses, including a detailed gamut analysis comparing our new tiles with the Ceram series and a few other color standards.

Basic Colors	Grey Scale and Pastel Colors	Special Colors

The chart at right shows the color distribution (CIELAB b* vs a*) of the three Avian tiles sets in comparison to the chromatic BCRA tiles. Many of the Avian tiles extend the available gamut of colors. Also note that the additional tiles span the gamut very well. In general, this more complete coverage of color space should improve results for many applications such device profiling and instrument characterization and evaluation. Click on any of the charts for a larger image.
Basic Set, chromatic tiles	Basic Set, neutral tiles
Grayscale & Pastel Set, chromatic tiles	Grayscale & Pastel Set, neutral tiles
Special Set tiles S-1 to S-8	Special Set tiles S-9 to S-16

Part #	Description	List Price (US$)
ATBC16-c8H (basic) ATGP16-c8H (grayscale) ATSC16-c8H (special)	Selected tile set calibrated for reflectance @ 8° hemispherical geometry, 360-830 nm	$2350.00
ATBC16-c450 (basic) ATGP16-c450 (grayscale) ATSC16-c450 (special)	Selected tile set calibrated for reflectance @ 45:0a bidirectional geometry, 380-720 nm	$2750.00
ATBC16-u (basic) ATGP16-u (grayscale) ATSC16-u (special)	Selected tile set Uncalibrated	$1150.00

Black Glass Standards

Highly polished black glass is useful as a standard for gloss, low reflectance in directional/directional geometry, and also establishing the efficiency of the 'sphere zero' in specular excluded geometry using an integrating sphere. The black glass standard is mounted in a Delrin Holder with cover to protect the optical surface. The standards come calibrated for total hemispherical reflectance in 8°/hemispherical geometry from 350-850 nm

Reflectance Wavelength Calibration Standards

Rare Earth Oxide Standards

Designed for the calibration of UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometers, wavelength calibration standards display sharp absorbance peaks over much of the UV-Vis-NIR spectral range. The mixture of REO's are chosen to give the best coverage over the wavelength range of interest. Both UV-Vis and Vis-NIR standards are available in custom sizes and configurations. Please contact Avian Technologies for pricing information.

UV-Vis Calibration Standards

A mixture of holmium and erbium oxides in an inert, durable, spectrally neutral matrix, Avian Technologies Wavelength Calibration

Standards are traceable to the National Research Council Canada and NIST. Available in 1.25" (37 mm) and 2" (50.8 mm) diameter sizes. These standards are ideal for calibration of UV-Vis spectrophotometers. Calibrated from 250-850 nm

Standards come in a Delrin(TM) holder with cover.

Near Infrared Calibration Standards

A mixture of dysprosium, holmium, and samarium oxides in an inert, durable, spectrally neutral matrix, Avian Technologies Wavelength Calibration Standards are traceable to the National Research Council Canada and NIST. Available in 1.25" (37 mm) and 2" (50.8") diameter sizes. These standards are ideal for calibration of Vis-NIR spectrophotometers. Standards come in a Delrin(TM) holder with cover.

Packed Powder Wavelength Calibration Standard

For detailed information on SRM-1920a, please see NIST Special Publication SP-250-48 (Spectral Reflectance).

Specular Standards

Avian Technologies offers first surface specular standards with calibrations traceable to NRC. The mirrors are first surface aluminum with a magnesium fluoride overcoat that have been aged to enhance their long term stability. Theses standards come in a protective holder and are available in either 2" (50.8 mm) square or 2" (50.8 mm) diameter sizes. Calibrations are at near-normal (8°) geometry.